GEOTHERMAL
A geothermal energy is a renewable energy that is obtained by taking advantage of the natural heat of the interior of the earth that is transmitted through hot rock bodies or reservoirs by conduction and convection, where processes are raised of interaction of fluids and rocks, giving rise to the geothermal systems.
Unlike most renewable energies, geothermal energy does not originate mainly from the sun’s radiation, but rather from the difference in temperatures that exists between the interior of the earth and its surface.
Therefore, we can define geothermal energy as that energy stored as heat below the surface of the earth. It encompasses the heat stored in soils, rocks, underground waters whatever their temperature, depth and origin.
In this way we know that, to a greater or lesser extent, is stored under our feet an energy that we can and must take advantage of.
Types of geothermal / geothermal energy?
Depending on the enthalpy and the temperature in the subsoil, the following classification can be made:
As we can see, geothermal energy can be used, depending on its enthalpy and temperatures, for two main applications: Heat (air conditioning, sanitary hot water, geothermal heating) and Electric Power Generation.
In the following graph, the different applicable technologies for each use are indicated.
In this article we will focus on the Heat Pump.
Application of geothermal energy of very low enthalpy for production of heat to geothermal heating and / or air conditioning for single family homes, residential buildings, office buildings, schools, is the most commonly used system in building.
How do we capture geothermal energy?
We have seen so far, that we have an inexhaustible source of energy during all seasons. To take advantage of this energy, we need systems that allow us to capture or transfer it as a consequence of the thermal jump between the terrain and the heat transfer fluid. Also, it is possible to extract groundwater and take advantage of its temperature.
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